UJI ANTIPIRETIK PATCH TRANSDERMAL EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.) TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN

Abstract

Fever is a physiological response to infection characterized by an increase in body temperature due to prostaglandin production in the hypothalamus. Phyllanthus niruri contains flavonoids and alkaloids with potential antipyretic activity. The development of transdermal patch dosage forms is intended to improve therapeutic effectiveness by avoiding first-pass metabolism. Ethanol extract of meniran at two dose levels, 0.3 g and 0.6 g/200 g body weight of rats. Patch characteristics were evaluated including organoleptic properties, pH, weight uniformity, thickness, folding endurance, and moisture absorption. The antipyretic activity test was conducted on male white rats induced with DPT-HB-Hib vaccine. The ethanol extract of meniran yielded 14.39% and tested positive for flavonoids and alkaloids. All patch formulations met the requirements for transdermal dosage forms. The antipyretic test showed that formula F2 (0.6 g/200 g BW) had higher effectiveness than F1 (0.3 g/200 g BW), with %AAP values of 2.021% and 1.884%. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference among treatment groups (p < 0.05).